Back to the back office

With banks' front offices copping most of the flak from the credit crunch (the trading room was always considered to the money-making machine while the back office was the expense centre), back office operations and processing is at the top of the agenda again.

Reconcilitiations, matching, confirmations, exceptions processing and settlement may not be sexy, but it appears banks are slowly waking up to the fact that if they had invested as much in their back office processing as they had in front office trading applications, then perhaps they wouldn't be in the mess they are in now.

The benefit of hindsight is a powerful thing, but nevertheless the back office operations guys, which are Sibos' bread and butter, are chomping at the bit to get their hands on some of the money that has historically gone to the front office.

"There was so much IT spend on the front office, that now needs to be rebalanced with more investment in controls, risk management, the effectiveness of the back office and improving support systems, because they are just out of control," says Ken Archer, CEO of SmartStream.

SmartStream is looking to extend its Transaction Lifecycle Management solutions for trade processing into the OTC derivatives space. With a lot of information pertaining to complex derivatives being stored on spreadsheets and new instruments being devised more quickly than the back office is able to process them, the challenges in the OTC post-trade space are not insignificant.

SmartStream says it will initially focus on bringing efficiencies to "vanilla" derivatives, and in the current climate where the unravelling of complex CDO deals got a considerable number of banks into hot water, Archer believes that there is likely to be a market backlash against more "esoteric" instruments.

Meanwhile, at a Sibos panel session entitled, Breaking the FX bottleneck, most of the panellists agreed that the operatinal capabilities and capacities of sell-side banks and the cost per ticket were creating bottlenecks in the FX market.

While FX trading volumes continue to rise on the back of the emergence of the FX prime brokerage market, retail and algo trading and increased trading of emerging market currencies, banks' back offices are struggling to keep up with the pace of change and the number of trading tickets.

Phil Brittan, global business manager for FX and Economics at Bloomberg summed the current market situation up by saying that unless the bottlenecks were addressed it could result in increased systemic risk. Sound familiar?

Rob Close, CEO of CLS Bank, was the only panel member that did not want to concede that a bottleneck already existed in the FX market. However, he added, "that if we don't do something as an industry, there could be restrictions on how the market grows."

One can only hope that in this current climate, CFOs and CEOs are not tempted to postpone some much-needed back office tinkering.

Alternatives to SWIFT

With the credit crunch continuing to bite, a recurring theme at Sibos this year is reducing the cost of ownership of SWIFT. SWIFT has responded with its "SWIFT on a stick" solution.

Alliance Lite is SWIFT's "low cost" solution for smaller banks, corporates and investment managers that want to use a simple internet connection to connect to SWIFT, without having to manage and install a dedicated SWIFT infrastructure.

But if SWIFT thinks it is going to be that easy, it is wrong. Telcos and other network providers say they can connect banks and corporates to a larger user community for considerably less cost than SWIFT - it kind of makes you wonder why SWIFT is even bothering to try and compete in the network space.

Another challenger to SWIFT that is emerging is Italian-based payments, capital markets and network services provider, SIA-SSB. At Sibos this week, it launched its B-Gate solution, a network connectivity solution for bank to corporate communication.

In order to keep costs at the level of a standard internet connection and to leverage the faster speeds of the internet, B-Gate leverages ADSL and purports to offer the same level of security in the bank-to-corporate space as what already exists in national interbank networks.

Giacomo Buico of SIA-SSB says that B-Gate was developed in response to demand from banks in Europe wanting a lower cost alternative to SWIFT in the corporate-to-bank space. This was before SWIFT changed its tune about offering a connectivity solution for mid-sized corporates.

While SWIFT says its network has 100% availability and reliability and has never been hacked into, Buico says there is a need for a "back-up" network in Europe. "There are too many limitations [with SWIFT's network]," said Buico. "They need to stop it for maintenance. We run a card processing business and we cannot stop our network for maintenance."

"If a virus gets on the network, SWIFT is stopped. No one is immune from this problem," Buico continues. SIA-SSB will roll outs it B-Gate solution initially to banks, starting with its home market of Italy.

Its vision is to grow the number of users on the network across Europe, and to increase the number of service providers that can be accessed by partnering with other companies.

Buico is under no illusions that B-Gate will compete directly with SWIFTNet, which has a loyal customer base, albeit one that on a global or European scale is still relatively small in terms of the total number of end users it connects.

Buico claims its B-Gate network is key for the future development of SEPA, as it has the bandwith to carry not only payments messages, but also data pertaining to the exchange of electronic invoices, direct debit and reporting orders, but without the hassle and cost of having to manage network protocols "in a fully secure automated way".

Will giant new banks emerge in the UK?

We live in unusual times, says guest blogger Carol Wheatcroft of TowerGroup commenting on the rapid consolidation that has kicked off in the UK mortgage lending market as a result of the subprime crisis.

Normally when Sibos takes place, the financial press is filled with the ins and outs of the day’s happenings, but external events seem to be taking center stage, given the huge and dramatic changes occurring in the world of global finance.

Today is the turn of HBOS in the United Kingdom. The share price of UK’s largest mortgage lender has come under considerable strain in recent days as a result of its perceived short-term liquidity problems, and the bank is now reported to be in advanced talks for a merger with LloydsTSB.

Assuming this will come to pass, and on top of other mergers and takeovers — Nationwide acquiring the Derbyshire and Cheshire Building Societies, Santander buying Alliance and Leicester — the number of players in the UK retail financial market is shrinking before our eyes.

In more normal circumstances, the UK Competition Commission would block a takeover such as that of HBOS because the deal will give LloydsTSB more than a 25% share of the UK mortgage lending market and a quarter of the market of bank and savings accounts.

But these are not normal times, and the need to instill trust, confidence, and stability in the financial system is paramount. Given the UK government’s choices as it watches HBOS struggle through another Northern Rock scenario in the form of nationalisation or finding safe harbor, regardless of the competition issues, the latter seems by far the better choice. At least no more taxpayers’ money will be involved.

So assuming LloydsTSB acquires HBOS — an event that can probably be expected to happen overnight — where does the outcome take us? The socio-political ramifications of this deal on top of all the other deals will mean that the considerable impact on jobs following massive branch closures and consolidation of call centers that might be expected may not occur, or at least not at their normal speed. Arrangements will have to be worked out if a significant increase in unemployment or strike action by disgruntled employees is to be avoided.

With such a consolidated industry, too much power will move to the banks at the expense of consumers. The UK market suddenly more than ever needs competition from foreign banks offering the consumer greater choice. This need offers a glimmer of hope for the UK financial technology industry now that it suddenly has far fewer customers.

Direct banks entering the UK market could create new opportunities. The UK consumer will be looking for new homes for deposits now that there is greater consumer awareness of the need to keep deposits below £35,000, the deposit insurance limit, in any one bank. Despite the consolidated banking market, the UK has a solid depositor base that foreign banks could seek to help shore up their own balance sheets.

Welcome them with open arms!